Catalyst A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction but it does not undergo a chemical reaction itself. The catalyst allows the reaction an alternative pathway to take place. The catalyst does not lower the activation energy of the reaction. Analogy
Given the following reaction, sketch a reaction coordinate graph. The reaction involves two steps, step 1 is the slowest step and step 2 is the fastest step. Indicate on the diagram the overall enthalpy change of the reaction, the reaction for the transitions states and intermediate states.
H2(g) + 2ICl(g) –> 2HCl(g) + I2(g)
Overview There are two types of rate laws that we need to learn for AP chemistry: Differential rate law Integrated rate law What is the difference between the differential rate law and integrated rate law? The differential rate law is actually a derivative of the integrated rate law. In experients: differential rate law requires measuring […]
Methods for determining order of reaction This section looks at how concentration affects reaction rate. You will learn how to determine the order of a reaction. Reactions are often categorized into first, second, third order, etc. and this information is useful for showing the mathematical relationship between concentrations and rates. Rate laws may be written […]
Measuring rate This section aims to cover the following topics: Define chemical reaction rate Define rate expression Relative rates of reaction and stoichiometry ratio Change in concentration over time The rate of a chemical reaction can be thought of as the speed at which a chemical reaction happens and this can be expressed as the […]
Reaction mechanism Chemical reactions often take place in multiple steps and it’s not always obvious from looking at the chemical equation. For example, the decomposition of ozone: From the equation, it appears that O₃ decomposes to O₂ in one step. In reality, it’s more likely to take place in the following sequence: The above shows […]
Energy Kinetics involves studying what makes chemical reactions happen. Every reaction that happens involves some energy exchange, whether it’s slow reaction such as iron rusting, or a faster reaction, such as when a rocket burns fuel during take off. Size of particles Pictures in the slider: (CC BY-SA 3.0) | Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust_explosion | Author: Hans-Peter […]
